RESUMO
FUNDAMENTO: Pouco se sabe, principalmente em nosso meio, sobre a influência dos planos de saúde na evolução a longo prazo pós-infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução de pacientes com IAM usuários do SUS ou de outros convênios. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 1588 pacientes com IAM (idade média de 63,3 ± 12,9 anos, 71,7 por cento homens), incluídos de forma prospectiva em banco de dados específico, e seguidos por até 7,55 anos. Deste total, 1003 foram alocados no "grupo SUS" e 585 no "outros convênios". Qui-quadrado, log-rank e Cox ("stepwise") foram aplicados nas diferentes análises estatísticas. O modelo multivariado a longo prazo, com mortalidade como variável dependente, incluiu 18 variáveis independentes. RESULTADOS: As mortalidades hospitalares nos grupos "outros convênios" e "SUS" foram de 11,4 por cento e 10,3 por cento, respectivamente (P=0,5); a longo prazo, as chances de sobrevivência nos grupos foram, respectivamente, de 70,4 por cento ± 2,9 e 56,4 por cento ± 4,0 (P=0,001, "hazard-ratio"=1,43, ou 43 por cento a mais de chance de óbito no grupo "SUS"). No modelo ajustado, o grupo "SUS" permaneceu com probabilidade significativamente maior de óbito (36 por cento a mais de chance, P=0,005), demonstrando-se ainda que cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica e angioplastia melhoraram o prognóstico dos pacientes, ao passo que idade e história de infarto prévio, diabete ou insuficiência cardíaca, pioraram o prognóstico dos mesmos. CONCLUSÃO: Em relação a usuários de outros convênios, o usuário SUS apresenta mortalidade similar durante a fase hospitalar, porém tem pior prognóstico a longo prazo, reforçando a necessidade de esforços adicionais no sentido de melhorar o nível de atendimento destes pacientes após a alta hospitalar.
BACKGROUND: Little is known, especially in our country, about the influence of health insurance plans on the long term outcome of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome of patients with AMI who are covered by the National Health System (SUS) or other health insurance plans. METHODS: We analyzed 1,588 patients with AMI (mean age of 63.3 + 12.9 years, 71.7 percent male) who were included prospectively into a specific database and followed up for up to 7.55 years. Of this total, 1,003 were placed in the "SUS" group and 585 in the "other insurance plans" group. We applied chi-square, log-rank and Cox (stepwise) to the different statistical analyses. The long term multivariate model with mortality as a dependent variable included 18 independent variables. RESULTS: In-hospital mortality rates in the "other insurance plans" and "SUS" groups were 11.4 percent and 10.3 percent, respectively (p = 0.5); in the long term, survival chances in the groups were respectively, 70.4 percent + 2.9 and 56.4 percent + 4.0 (p = 0.001, hazard-ratio = 1.43, or a 43 percent higher chance of death in the "SUS" group). In the adjusted model, the "SUS" group had a significantly higher chance of death (a 36 percent higher chance, p = 0.005). Surgical revascularization and angioplasty improved the prognosis of these patients, whereas age and previous history of infarction, diabetes or heart failure worsened the prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Relative to patients with other insurance plans, SUS users present similar mortality rates during hospital stay, but their prognosis is worse in the long term, thus reinforcing the need for additional efforts to improve the care provided to these patients after hospital discharge.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seguro Saúde , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Brasil/epidemiologia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Alta do Paciente , Prognóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Little is known, especially in our country, about the influence of health insurance plans on the long term outcome of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome of patients with AMI who are covered by the National Health System (SUS) or other health insurance plans. METHODS: We analyzed 1,588 patients with AMI (mean age of 63.3 + 12.9 years, 71.7% male) who were included prospectively into a specific database and followed up for up to 7.55 years. Of this total, 1,003 were placed in the "SUS" group and 585 in the "other insurance plans" group. We applied chi-square, log-rank and Cox (stepwise) to the different statistical analyses. The long term multivariate model with mortality as a dependent variable included 18 independent variables. RESULTS: In-hospital mortality rates in the "other insurance plans" and "SUS" groups were 11.4% and 10.3%, respectively (p = 0.5); in the long term, survival chances in the groups were respectively, 70.4% + 2.9 and 56.4% + 4.0 (p = 0.001, hazard-ratio = 1.43, or a 43% higher chance of death in the "SUS" group). In the adjusted model, the 'SUS' group had a significantly higher chance of death (a 36% higher chance, p = 0.005). Surgical revascularization and angioplasty improved the prognosis of these patients, whereas age and previous history of infarction, diabetes or heart failure worsened the prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Relative to patients with other insurance plans, SUS users present similar mortality rates during hospital stay, but their prognosis is worse in the long term, thus reinforcing the need for additional efforts to improve the care provided to these patients after hospital discharge.
